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In the Catholic Church, several locations around the world invoke the patronage of the Immaculate Conception. Catholic diocesan authorities with the expressed and written approval of the Pope in countries including Brazil, Korea, the Philippines, Portugal, Spain, and the United States of America list the Blessed Virgin Mary as their principal patroness. As part of the patronage, the Feast of the Immaculate Conception is often observed both religiously and culturally within these countries. Numerous national parades, processions and cultural festivities are associated with this patronage ranging from public holidays to holy day of obligation. Several Popes have conferred this title of patronage, sometimes initiated by bishops. The list below enumerates the various countries by which the Pope, through a papal bull has formally granted the Immaculate Conception as the patroness of the people and its land or kingdom. The list of Pontifical declaration does not include Ireland, Nicaragua and Portugal. ==Brazil== The Virgin Mary is the official patroness of Brazil under the title Our Lady of Aparecida (Our Lady of Immaculate Conception (who) Appeared). The image associated with this patronage received a canonical coronation on 8 December 1904 with approval from Pope Pius X. On July 16, 1930, Pope Pius XI declared the Immaculate Conception under the title of ''Our Lady of Aparecida'' to be the principal patroness of Brazil, namely widespread in the Archdiocese of Saint Sebastian of River of January. The pontifical decree indicated that Pope Leo XIII granted the approval on the devotion of the image under the title ''"Fossa Behihora de Gonceigao Apparecida''". In addition, Saint Pope Pius X established the Office of the Mass under this honor and allowing this devotion to spread due to the widespread piety of the Brazilian people. The decree mentions the 1904 solid gold crown given to the image (assumingly from Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil). It does not however, mention the shrine being elevated to a minor basilica. Furthermore, the devotion was researched and approved by Cardinal Camillo Laurenti, Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of Rites. The papal bull was signed and witnessed by Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli.〔Acta Apostolica Sedis - 1931 - Page 7 - Beata Virgo Maria Immaculata Sub Titulo Apparecida - Principalis Patrona Brasiliae Constituitur. - http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS%2023%20()%20-%20ocr.pdf〕 The shrine was given the title of minor basilica on 4 July 1980 by Pope John Paul II. It was awarded a golden rose by Pope Paul VI on 12 August 1967, and another by Pope Benedict XVI on 12 May 2007. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Patronages of the Immaculate Conception」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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